Raphael Arar Author

Robert J. Moore is a research scientist at IBM Research–Almaden, where he examines the intersection of human conversation and technology. He is currently applying conversation science to the design of user experience and conversational agents. In the past, Dr. Moore has worked as a scientist at Yahoo! Labs and the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), and as a game designer at The Multiverse Network. He holds Ph.D., M.S., and B.A. degrees in sociology with concentrations in ethnomethodology, conversation analysis, and ethnography.

Raphael Arar is passionate about investigating interaction design for emerging technologies and complex systems. While currently a Principal Designer at Khan Academy, the research and writing for this publication was completed while he was designing for artificial intelligence systems at IBM Research–Almaden. Previously, he led the UX effort for the Apple + IBM partnership and taught in the Media Arts program at the University of Southern California. He holds an MFA from the California Institute of the Arts, a BA from Boston University, and in 2017, he was listed as one of Forbes's "30 under 30 in Enterprise Technology.