Monitoring the State or the Market

The book provides a unique perspective of economic changes over two centuries, focusing especially on the past half century.

The book is written in a style that should be accessible to most readers from different intellectual disciplines, while still retaining a high intellectual rigor. It discusses areas not covered by similar books and provides a novel interpretation of developments in the past fifty years.Many economists argue that economic analysis should avoid the distributional consequences of policies. In democratic countries, however, the political power of individuals inevitably reflects their wealth and income. You cannot have a democracy when income and wealth distributions are greatly uneven. Monitoring the State or the Market explains that absolute income equality is not consistent with a market economy, yet neither is large inequality. This study provides a broad survey of major social and economic developments over the past two centuries, beginning with the Industrial Revolution and laissez faire and ending with neoliberalism and market fundamentalism. It explains how each of these periods initially brought moderation and accompanying benefits, showing that some countries, such as those in Scandinavia, have demonstrated that it is possible to have low Gini coefficients (low inequality), while preserving economic freedom and prosperity.