Messianic Thought Outside Theology

Explores the use of messianism in 20th century literary and cultural theory.

The use of messianism in 20th century literary and cultural theory. The essays critique the claim that religious paradigms simply underlie secular thought. In specific, they problematize the renewal of metaphysics by means of messianic temporality, by exposing pitfalls and paradoxes in the messianic idea.

Why did a “secularized” concept of messianicity seem so crucial in the twentieth century? Are messianic structures intelligible outside the theological systems in which they were invented? This book seeks to situate the ethical, ontological, and literary adoptions of messianism within the broader contours of messianic thought.
The gesture by Benjamin, Rosenzweig, and others of detaching messianism from the person of the messiah, understanding it instead as a redemptive potential inherent in all human history, is one facet of a broad move in political theory, philosophy, linguistics, and historiography to redeem secular thinking through theological figures.
Yet already within religious discourse the messiah figure is paradoxical. With the invocation of a future arrival “to come,” history is opened, yet the previous assumption of an end threatens to shut it off from whatever unexpected might come. The coming arrival, so certain, so complete, will have already come in an anteriority that seems to cancel the future and close down historical life before it starts.