Criminalization/Assimilation

Philippa Gates' Criminalization/Assimilation examines how Hollywood films shaped the image of Chinese Americans from criminalization to acceptance, reflecting societal fears and cultural changes.

In Criminalization/Assimilation, Philippa Gates explores the complex portrayal of Chinese Americans in Classical Hollywood films. The narrative begins with the criminalization of Chinese immigrants, who were often depicted as unwelcome and dangerous. This representation was deeply rooted in societal fears, particularly during the yellow peril era, which fueled negative stereotypes and reinforced discriminatory attitudes. As the story unfolds, Gates illustrates the gradual shift towards acceptance, highlighting how the assimilation of Chinese Americans into mainstream society began to reshape their cinematic image.

Gates meticulously examines over 200 films, revealing how Hollywood responded to pressing social issues within Chinatown communities, including immigration challenges, rampant racism, drug trafficking, and prostitution. She also discusses the influence of industry factors such as the Production Code and the star system on the depiction of these subjects. Through her analysis, Criminalization/Assimilation uncovers the intricate dynamics of representation and the evolution of narratives surrounding Chinese Americans in film.

Furthermore, the book emphasizes the contributions of Asian American actors, whose performances provided crucial counter-narratives to Hollywood's often problematic portrayals. By bringing attention to forgotten films and highlighting the diverse range of racial representations, Gates invites readers to reconsider the historical context of these cinematic depictions and their lasting impact on American culture. The work serves as both a critical analysis and a poignant reminder of the power of film in shaping societal perceptions.