Understanding and Preventing Violence, Volume 2

This volume contains commissioned reviews of research on biological influences on violent or aggressive behavior. The areas reviewed include genetic contributions to the probability of violent and related behaviors; brain structure and functioning as implicated in aggressive behavior; the roles of hormonal and neurological interactions in violent behavior; the neurochemistry of violence and aggression and its implications for the management of those behaviors; and dietary influences on violent behavior.

Table of Contents

• Front Matter
• GENETIC MECHANISMS
• STUDIES OF HUMANS
• STUDIES OF ANIMALS
• Steroids
• Dopamine
• Norepinephrine
• Serotonin (5-Hydroxytryptamine)
• Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid - Benzodiazepine Receptors
• NEUROANATOMIC APPROACH
• NEUROPSYCHOLOGIC APPROACH
• PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGIC APPROACH
• NEUROIMAGING APPROACH
• HYPOGLYCEMIA, DIET, AND VIOLENT BEHAVIOR
• REFERENCES
• ANIMAL STUDIES
• INTRODUCTION
• CHROMOSOMAL ANOMALIES
• GENETICS AND PERSONALITY TRAITS
• Juvenile Antisocial Behavior
• NORWEGIAN TWIN STUDY
• Danish Twin Study
• Danish Adoption Studies
• Swedish Adoption Study
• Iowa Adoption Studies: Cadoret
• VIOLENCE AND HUMAN GENETICS
• Summary and Critical Overview of the Results
• PROSPECTS FOR FUTURE HUMAN GENETIC RESEARCH
• SOCIOBIOLOGY, EVOLUTIONARY THEORY, AND VIOLENCE
• GENETICS, RACE, AND VIOLENCE
• REFERENCES
• The Neurobiology of Violence and Aggression
• FELINE MODELS OF AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR ELICITED BY BRAIN STIMULATION
• ORGANIZATION AND CONTROL OF AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR IN THE CAT
• Afferent Connections
• Efferent Connections
• Afferent Connections
• LIMBIC-MIDBRAIN MODULATION OF AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR IN THE CAT
• NEUROPHARMACOLOGY OF AGGRESSION: THE OPIOID PEPTIDE SYSTEM
• SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS BASED ON DATA FROM STUDY OF FELINE MODELS OF AGGRESSION
• Adaptive Versus Maladaptive Violence and Aggression: Animal and Human Models
• Measuring the Dependent Variable
• VIOLENCE IN PERSONS WITH NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
• Schizophrenia
• Epilepsy
• Aggression as an Epileptic Equivalent
• Violent Offenders - Nonsex Crimes
• Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) and Pharmacotherapy
• Psychosurgical Treatment of Violent Offenders
• Treatment of Violence - A Commentary
• SOCIAL CLASS, AGE, AND GENDER RELATED TO VIOLENCE
• PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGIC STUDIES RELATED TO VIOLENCE
• Neurodevelopmental Issues
• Possible Etiological Variables
• Some Areas Not Addressed - Some Roads Not Traveled
• REFERENCES
• TERMINOLOGIES OF AGGRESSION
• Potential for Harm or Damage
• Aversiveness
• Utilities of Aggression
• Different Tests for Animal Aggression
• HETEROGENEOUS NATURE OF HUMAN AGGRESSION AND VIOLENCE
• HORMONES AND AGGRESSION
• NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
• DEFINING "HORMONE"
• STUDIES INVOLVING HORMONES AND "AGGRESSION"
• STUDIES ON NONPRIMATES
• INFRAHUMAN PRIMATE STUDIES
• HUMAN DATA
• INFRAHUMAN PRIMATE STUDIES
• HUMAN DATA
• INFLUENCES OF SEX HORMONES ON ADULT AGGRESSIVE MOTIVATION
• STUDIES ON NONPRIMATES
• INFRAHUMAN PRIMATE STUDIES
• HUMAN DATA
• BODILY RHYTHMS AND VIOLENT BEHAVIOR
• ADRENOMEDULLARY FUNCTION AND HUMAN AGGRESSION
• EFFECTS OF HORMONES ON PERCEPTION
• EXPERIENCE-INDUCED CHANGES IN HORMONAL STATUS OF THE RECEIVER
• INFLUENCES OF FIGHTING ON ENDOCRINE FUNCTION IN MAMMALS
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
• NEUROSCIENCE PERSPECTIVE
• TYPES OF AGGRESSIVE AND VIOLENT BEHAVIOR
• NEUROCHEMISTRY AND NEUROPHARMACOLOGY OF AGGRESSION AND VIOLENCE
• Noradrenergic Correlates of Animal Aggression
• Dopaminergic Correlates of Animal Aggression
• Catecholaminergic Correlates Of Human Aggression And Violence
• Neuropharmacologic Manipulations of Catecholamines
• SEROTONIN
• 5-HT Correlates of Animal Aggression
• Neuropharmacologic Manipulations of 5-HT in Animals
• 5-HT Correlates of Human Aggression and Violence
• CONCLUDING STATEMENT
• Gaba Correlates of Animal Aggression
• Neuropharmacologic Modulation of GABA
• ACETYLCHOLINE
• ANTIPSYCHOTICS
• ANTIDEPRESSANTS
• Noradrenergic and Serotonergic Reuptake Blockers and MAO Inhibitors
• Lithium
• ANXIOLYTICS
• GABAA-BENZODIAZEPINE RECEPTOR-CHLORIDE CHANNEL COMPLEX, AGGRESSION, AND VIOLENCE
• Beta-Blockers
• Concluding...read more...