Electoral Rules and Democracy in Latin America

This is a very important and highly original contribution to the literature on presidentialism and electoral institutions, by a distinguished scholar of Latin American politics. Questioning prevailing academic wisdom, and systematically weighing the evidence from Latin America with multiple methods, Cynthia McClintock shows that runoff election rules are clearly superior to the plurality system for electing presidents. Runoff elections do in fact produce what could be logically predicted: more legitimate and ideologically moderate presidents, and a higher quality and vitality of democracy. This powerful finding should significantly shape not only academic analysis but also future thinking about institutional design and reform. * Larry Diamond, Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution and the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Stanford University *
This book makes an important, compelling argument: Latin America's democracies have benefitted from shifting toward electing their president employing run-off elections if no candidate initially receives a majority, instead of relying on single-round plurality elections. The author carefully explains why, relying on a judicious combination of methods, including statistical analysis, interviews and comparative case material, without ignoring the potential negative implications and trade-offs inherent in all electoral rules. * Jonathan Hartlyn, K. J. Reckford Professor of Political Science, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill *
McClintock's impressive book is the product of many years of scrupulous research and careful analysis. Drawing on vast empirical evidence in Latin America and challenging much conventional thinking, she cogently argues that a runoff is superior to a plurality rule in presidential elections. Her findings have important implications for the quality and legitimacy of democracy in Latin America and more widely. McClintock's valuable contribution will influence current debates among scholars and policymakers about the merits of electoral systems. * Michael Shifter, President, Inter-American Dialogue *
In this exhaustively researched and well-written book, Cynthia McClintock argues persuasively that the ways that presidents are elected in Latin America - whether by a plurality of votes or in a run off - deeply impacts regime legitimacy, moderation, and the inclusiveness of party systems. Her broadly comparative and empirical study offers fresh insight into the ways that electoral design enhances or impedes democratic outcomes. * Cynthia Arnson, Director, Latin American Program, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars *
In this richly documented study, McClintock finds that democracies where presidential candidates need only a plurality of the vote to triumph are in serious danger of losing their popular legitimacy and eventually falling victim to tyranny. * Richard Feinberg, Foreign Affairs *
"An excellent addition to our overall understanding of democratization and democratic decline in Latin America."-Leslie E. Anderson,Perspectives on Politics